How does the Air Conditioner Works?

How does the Air Conditioner Works?

You might be curious as to how air conditioners work. A room or automobile air conditioner works by drawing hot air from one area, processing it inside of itself with the aid of a refrigerant and a network of coils, and then releasing cold air back into the area from which the hot air was drawn. To chill your home, air conditioners circulate the air outdoors after removing heat and humidity from it within. Many different components of the air conditioner cooperate to finish this procedure.

There are 5 most essential components to complete the procedure.

  1. Evaporator
  2. Compressor
  3. Condenser
  4. Expansion valve
  5. Refrigerants

Evaporator

An evaporator is essentially a heat exchanger coil that is in charge of using a refrigerating gas to gather heat from a room’s interior. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat in this part, referred to as an evaporator, and then evaporates into a gas. Hydrofluorocarbons, also known as HFCs, such as R-410A, chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, such as R-22, and hydrocarbons, such as R-290, are the most often utilized refrigerant gases in air conditioning systems. This gas takes heat from the space before moving on to the next part for more work.

Compressor

The gaseous refrigerant is compressed here. The component installed outside the house, or the outdoor unit, is where it is found.

Condenser

The condenser takes in the refrigerant that has evaporated from the compressor, changes it back into a liquid, and releases the heat outside. Of course, it is also situated on the split AC’s exterior unit.

Expander valve

The cooling coils of the evaporator and the hot coils of the condenser are separated by the expansion valve, commonly referred to as a throttle mechanism. It regulates how much refrigerant is directed toward the evaporator.

The three elements listed above are all found in a compact metal box installed in a window opening in the case of window air conditioners.

How do Air Conditioner Work?

Air conditioner works step by step.

Step 1: The evaporator coil takes in heat

Warm air from within your home is pulled in and forced over the cold evaporator coil through a vent. The evaporator coil is the indoor station that removes heat from the air and cools it. The cold air is distributed throughout your home via air ducts after being blown into them by a fan.

Step 2: The compressor boosts the temperature of the refrigerant

The gas’s volume is decreased by the compressor. Usually, the gas is tightly compressed between two solid objects to achieve this. By raising both the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, this gets it ready for condensing.

Step 3: Outside heat exchange occurs

When the refrigerant reaches the condenser (which is outdoors), it is now a superheated vapor and is exposed to the outside air. The heat from the refrigerant is absorbed by the outside air, which lowers its temperature and transforms it from a gas back into a liquid.

Step 4: As the refrigerant cools, the cycle is repeated

When the heat from the refrigerant has been transferred to the outside, the cool refrigerant returns inside to the evaporator to complete the cycle once more. The procedure is repeated until your home’s interior temperature reaches the desired setting. Your thermostat now instructs your air conditioner to turn off.

Two Basic Air Conditioning Process

Two simultaneous actions, one within the house and one outside, make up the air conditioning process.

Inside Home: Warm indoor air is cooled as it blows past a cold cooling coil filled with refrigerant inside the house, sometimes referred to as the cold side of the system. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air as it transforms from liquid to gas. Recirculated throughout the home is the cooled air.

Outside Home: The refrigerant gas is compressed before entering a sizable coil in the outdoor unit, commonly referred to as the hot side of the system because it is situated outside the house. A big fan pulls outside air through the exterior coil, rejecting the heat absorbed from the house, causing heat to be expelled outside as the refrigerant transforms into a liquid.

As a result, the home experiences a constant cycle of cool air entering, heat and humidity leaving, and inside air is heated and humidified.

How do Air conditioners work in Cars?

Car air conditioners operate similarly to homes and offices while being much smaller.

1- The heat dissipater, which includes a compressor unit and a condenser, is installed close to the radiator grille, where the air blows past as you drive, and is connected to the chiller component, which includes an expansion valve and an evaporator, by a circuit of pipes through which coolant flows when the air conditioning is turned on.

2- The compressor unit in a car is powered by the crankshaft, as opposed to a static unit in a building, which is entirely powered by electricity. Typically, there is also a dehumidifier, often referred to as a receiver/dryer unit, so the temperature of the passenger area may be controlled. The coolant cycles between gas and liquid, high and low pressure, and high and low temperature, just like in conventional air conditioning.

Benefits of Air Conditioning

The advantages of an air conditioner are numerous like.

  1. The risk of dehydration is decreased with the help of air conditioning.
  2. The likelihood of asthma attacks is decreased.
  3. Contributing to the indoor air quality in your rooms.
  4. Decrease the chance of heat illness, including heat stroke.
  5. You’ll have considerably better sleep.

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